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Overhaul BM25 relevance, reasoning and data-quality contracts; refresh UI styles and framework guidance; add resilient text, chip, badge and micro-interaction guidance; strengthen release, provenance and catalog refresh gates; update bilingual documentation.
23 KiB
23 KiB
| 1 | No | Data Type | Keywords | Best Chart Type | Secondary Options | When to Use | When NOT to Use | Data Volume Threshold | Color Guidance | Accessibility Grade | Accessibility Risk | Accessibility Notes | A11y Fallback | Library Recommendation | Interactive Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 | Trend Over Time | trend, time-series, line, growth, timeline, progress, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Line Chart | Area Chart, Smooth Area | Data has a time axis; user needs to observe rise/fall trends or rate of change over a continuous period | Fewer than 4 data points (use stat card); more than 6 series (visual noise); no time dimension exists | <1000 pts: SVG; ≥1000 pts: Canvas + downsampling; >10000: aggregate to intervals | Primary: #0080FF. Multiple series: distinct colors + distinct line styles. Fill: 20% opacity | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Use solid, dashed, and dotted line styles plus direct series labels; never distinguish series by hue alone. | Visible data table plus concise trend summary. Keyboard: focus reveals hover values; +/- buttons zoom; Reset restores the full range. | Chart.js, Recharts, ApexCharts | Hover + Zoom |
| 3 | 2 | Compare Categories | compare, categories, bar, comparison, ranking, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Bar Chart (Horizontal or Vertical) | Column Chart, Grouped Bar | Comparing discrete categories by magnitude; ranking or ordering is the core insight; categories ≤ 15 | Categories > 15 (use table or search); data has time dimension (use line); showing proportions (use waffle/stacked) | <20 categories: vertical bar; 20–50: horizontal bar; >50: paginated table | Each bar: distinct color. Grouped: same hue family. Always sort descending by value | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Use direct category/value labels and group outlines or patterns; never encode category solely by bar color. Do not rely on color alone. | Visible sortable data table plus concise comparison summary. Keyboard: focus reveals hover values; focusable headers with Enter/Space sort and aria-sort reports direction. | Chart.js, Recharts, D3.js | Hover + Sort |
| 4 | 3 | Part-to-Whole | part-to-whole, pie, donut, percentage, proportion, share, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Pie Chart or Donut | Stacked Bar, Waffle Chart | ≤5 categories; one dominant segment vs rest; emphasis on visual proportion over exact values | Categories > 5; slice differences < 5% (visually indistinguishable); user needs precise values; accessibility-first context | Max 6 slices; beyond that switch to stacked bar 100% | 5–6 max colors. Contrasting palette. Largest slice at 12 o'clock. Always label slices with % | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:high | Pie charts do not inherently fail WCAG; unlabeled color-only slices are inaccessible. Use direct labels and patterns, with a non-pie fallback. Do not rely on color alone. | Percentage data table and concise part-to-whole summary; offer a stacked bar view. Keyboard: focus reveals slice values; Enter/Space drills in; Back button returns. | Chart.js, Recharts, D3.js | Hover + Drill |
| 5 | 4 | Correlation / Distribution | correlation, distribution, scatter, relationship, pattern, cluster, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Scatter Plot or Bubble Chart | Heat Map, Matrix | Exploring relationship between two continuous variables; identifying clusters or outliers in a dataset | Variables are categorical (use grouped bar); fewer than 20 points (patterns aren't meaningful); mobile-primary context | <500 pts: SVG; 500–5000: Canvas at 0.6–0.8 opacity; >5000: hexbin or aggregate first | Color axis: gradient (blue → red). Bubble size: relative to 3rd variable. Opacity: 0.6–0.8 to show density | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Combine marker shapes with direct group labels; color may reinforce but must not be the only distinction. | Visible data table plus correlation summary. Keyboard: focus reveals point values; labeled start/end range inputs replace brush dragging. | D3.js, Plotly, Recharts | Hover + Brush |
| 6 | 5 | Heatmap / Intensity | heatmap, heat-map, intensity, density, matrix, calendar, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Heat Map or Choropleth | Grid Heat Map, Bubble Heat | Showing intensity/density across a 2D grid; time-based patterns (e.g., activity by hour × day) | Fewer than 20 cells (use bar); user needs to read exact values; colorblind users without pattern fallback | Up to 10,000 cells efficiently; beyond that aggregate; calendar heatmap: 365 cells max per SVG | Gradient: Cool (blue) to Hot (red). Divergent scale for ±data. Always include numeric color legend | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Print values or symbols in cells and use texture/labels in addition to the color scale. Do not rely on color alone. | Grid data table plus intensity summary. Keyboard: focus reveals cell values; +/- buttons zoom; Reset restores the grid. | D3.js, Plotly, ApexCharts | Hover + Zoom |
| 7 | 6 | Geographic Data | geographic, map, location, region, geo, spatial, choropleth, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Choropleth Map or Bubble Map | Geographic Heat Map | Data has a regional/location dimension; spatial distribution is the core insight for the user | Regions have very different sizes making visual comparison misleading (use bar); mobile-primary context | <1000 regions: SVG; ≥1000: Canvas/WebGL (Deck.gl); global maps: tile-based rendering | Single color gradient per region group. Categorized colors for discrete types. Legend with clear scale breaks | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Label regions directly and pair fills with boundaries or patterns; location meaning cannot depend on color alone. | Sortable region table plus geographic summary. Keyboard: arrow keys or labeled pan buttons move the map; +/- buttons zoom; Enter drills into a focused region; Back returns. | D3.js, Mapbox, Leaflet | Pan + Zoom + Drill |
| 8 | 7 | Funnel / Flow | funnel, flow, conversion, drop-off, pipeline, stages, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Funnel Chart or Sankey | Waterfall (for flows) | Sequential multi-stage process; showing conversion or drop-off rates between defined stages | Stages aren't sequential; values don't decrease monotonically (use bar); fewer than 3 stages | 3–8 stages optimal; beyond 8 stages group minor steps into 'Other' | Stages: single color gradient (start → end). Show conversion % between each stage. Highlight biggest drop | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Keep stage names and values visible and distinguish stages with text and boundaries, not only a gradient. Do not rely on color alone. | Linear stage table/list plus conversion summary. Keyboard: focus reveals stage values; Enter/Space drills in; Back returns. | D3.js, Recharts, Custom SVG | Hover + Drill |
| 9 | 8 | Performance vs Target | performance, target, kpi, gauge, goal, threshold, progress, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Gauge Chart or Bullet Chart | Dial, Thermometer | Single KPI measured against a defined target or threshold; dashboard summary context | No target or benchmark exists; comparing multiple KPIs at once (use bullet chart grid) | Single metric per gauge; for 3+ KPIs use bullet chart grid layout | Performance: Red → Yellow → Green gradient. Target: marker line. Threshold zones clearly differentiated | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Place the number and target text beside the gauge and label threshold zones; red/yellow/green alone is insufficient. | Visible KPI/target text and a one-row data table plus status summary. Keyboard: focus reveals the same detail as hover. | D3.js, ApexCharts, Custom SVG | Hover |
| 10 | 9 | Time-Series Forecast | forecast, prediction, confidence, band, projection, estimate, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Line with Confidence Band | Ribbon Chart | Historical data + model predictions; communicating uncertainty range to non-technical stakeholders | No historical baseline; prediction confidence is too low to be useful; audience is not data-literate | Keep historical window to 30–90 days for readability; forecast horizon ≤ 30% of visible x-axis range | Actual: solid line #0080FF. Forecast: dashed #FF9500. Confidence band: 15% opacity fill same hue | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Use solid actual and dashed forecast lines, direct labels, and a named confidence range; hue alone is insufficient. | Visible forecast table plus uncertainty summary. Keyboard: focus reveals hover values; buttons toggle actual/forecast; +/- buttons zoom; Reset restores range. | Chart.js, ApexCharts, Plotly | Hover + Toggle |
| 11 | 10 | Anomaly Detection | anomaly, outlier, spike, alert, detection, monitoring, deviation, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Line Chart with Highlights | Scatter with Alert | Monitoring a time-series for outliers; alerting users to unexpected spikes or dips in operational data | Anomalies are predefined categories (use bar with highlight); real-time context without a pause control | Stream at ≤60fps with Canvas; batch: up to 10,000 pts; mark anomalies as a separate data layer | Normal: #0080FF solid line. Anomaly marker: #FF0000 circle + filled. Alert band: #FFF3CD background zone | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Mark anomalies with a distinct shape and text annotation as well as color. Do not rely on color alone. | Anomaly event list/table plus narrative alert summary. Keyboard: focus reveals point details; alerts are available in the persistent list without hover. | D3.js, Plotly, ApexCharts | Hover + Alert |
| 12 | 11 | Hierarchical / Nested Data | hierarchy, nested, treemap, parent, children, breakdown, drill, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Treemap | Sunburst, Nested Donut, Icicle | Showing size relationships within a hierarchy; overview of proportional structure (e.g., budget breakdown) | Hierarchy depth > 3 levels (too complex to read); user needs to compare sibling values precisely | <200 nodes: SVG; 200–1000: Canvas; >1000: paginate or pre-filter before rendering | Parent nodes: distinct hues. Children: lighter shades of same hue. White separator borders: 2–3px | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:high | Label hierarchy nodes and use borders/patterns as well as hue; make the tree table the primary accessible view. Do not rely on color alone. | Collapsible tree table plus hierarchy summary; treemap remains supplementary. Keyboard: focus reveals hover values; Enter/Space drills or expands; Back collapses/returns. | D3.js, Recharts, ApexCharts | Hover + Drilldown |
| 13 | 12 | Flow / Process Data | flow, process, sankey, distribution, source, target, transfer, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Sankey Diagram | Alluvial, Chord Diagram | Showing how quantities flow between nodes; multi-source multi-target distribution | Flow directions form loops (use network graph); fewer than 3 source-target pairs; mobile-primary context | <50 flows: SVG; ≥50: Canvas; >200 flows: aggregate minor flows into 'Other' node | Gradient from source to target color. Flow opacity: 0.4–0.6. Node labels always visible | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Label source, target, and value; use line style or node symbols in addition to gradient color. Do not rely on color alone. | Source-to-target flow table plus flow summary. Keyboard: focus reveals hover values; Enter/Space drills into a node; Back returns. | D3.js (d3-sankey), Plotly | Hover + Drilldown |
| 14 | 13 | Cumulative Changes | waterfall, cumulative, variance, incremental, bridge, delta, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Waterfall Chart | Stacked Bar, Cascade | Showing how individual positive/negative components add up to a final total (e.g., P&L, budget variance) | Changes are not additive; more than 12 bars (readability breaks); audience expects a simple total | 4–12 bars optimal; beyond 12 aggregate minor items into a single 'Other' bar | Increases: #4CAF50. Decreases: #F44336. Start total: #2196F3. End total: #0D47A1. Running total line: dashed | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Pair increase/decrease bars with signed values and directional icons, not red/green alone. Do not rely on color alone. | Running-total table plus variance summary. Keyboard: focus reveals the same value as hover. | ApexCharts, Highcharts, Plotly | Hover |
| 15 | 14 | Multi-Variable Comparison | radar, spider, multi-variable, attributes, dimensions, comparison, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Radar / Spider Chart | Parallel Coordinates, Grouped Bar | Comparing multiple entities across the same fixed set of attributes (e.g., product feature comparison) | Axes > 8 (unreadable); values need precise comparison (use grouped bar); audience unfamiliar with radar charts | 2–3 datasets maximum per chart; 5–8 axes; beyond 8 axes switch to parallel coordinates | Single dataset: #0080FF at 20% fill. Multiple: distinct hues with 30% fill. Border: full opacity | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Use line styles, point shapes, and direct series labels in addition to color. Do not rely on color alone. | Raw data table and grouped-bar alternative plus comparison summary. Keyboard: focus reveals values; buttons toggle series. | Chart.js, Recharts, ApexCharts | Hover + Toggle |
| 16 | 15 | Stock / Trading OHLC | stock, trading, ohlc, candlestick, finance, price, volume, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Candlestick Chart | OHLC Bar, Heikin-Ashi | Financial time-series with Open/High/Low/Close data; trading or investment product context only | Non-financial audience; no OHLC data available (use line chart); accessibility-first context | Real-time: Canvas required. Historical: paginate by time range. Max 500 candles visible at once | Bullish: #26A69A. Bearish: #EF5350. Volume bars: 40% opacity below. Body fill vs hollow for OHLC style | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Use filled versus hollow candles and OHLC text values; bullish/bearish meaning cannot depend on color. Do not rely on color alone. | Sortable OHLC table plus daily-change summary. Keyboard: focus reveals candle values; +/- buttons zoom; Reset restores range; live updates do not steal focus. | Lightweight Charts (TradingView), ApexCharts | Real-time + Hover + Zoom |
| 17 | 16 | Relationship / Connection Data | network, graph, nodes, edges, connections, relationships, force, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Network Graph | Hierarchical Tree, Adjacency Matrix | Mapping connections between entities; network topology or social graph exploration context | Node count > 500 without clustering pre-applied; user needs precise connection counts; mobile context | ≤100 nodes: SVG; 101–500: Canvas; >500: must apply clustering/LOD before rendering | Node types: categorical colors. Edges: #90A4AE at 60% opacity. Highlight path: #F59E0B | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:high | Use labeled node types, shapes, and edge styles in addition to color; the adjacency view is the accessible source of truth. Do not rely on color alone. | Adjacency list/table and relationship summary; tree view when applicable. Keyboard: focus reveals node details; Enter drills; Move up/down/left/right buttons replace drag. | D3.js (d3-force), Vis.js, Cytoscape.js | Drilldown + Hover + Drag |
| 18 | 17 | Distribution / Statistical | distribution, statistical, spread, median, outlier, quartile, boxplot, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Box Plot | Violin Plot, Beeswarm | Showing spread, median, and outliers of a dataset; comparing distributions across multiple groups | Fewer than 20 data points per group (distribution is not meaningful); audience unfamiliar with statistical charts | Any sample size; aggregated representation so rendering is ⚡ Excellent at any volume | Box fill: #BBDEFB. Border: #1976D2. Median line: #D32F2F bold. Outlier dots: #F44336 | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Label median, quartiles, whiskers, and outliers directly; do not use color alone for statistical roles. | Statistics table plus distribution summary. Keyboard: focus reveals the same statistics as hover. | Plotly, D3.js, Chart.js (plugin) | Hover |
| 19 | 18 | Performance vs Target (Compact) | bullet, compact, kpi, dashboard, target, benchmark, range, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Bullet Chart | Gauge, Progress Bar | Dashboard with multiple KPIs side by side; space-constrained contexts where a gauge is too large | Single KPI with emphasis (use gauge); data has no defined target range; fewer than 3 KPIs | Ideal for 3–10 bullet charts in a grid; scales to any count efficiently | Qualitative ranges: #FFCDD2 / #FFF9C4 / #C8E6C9 (bad/ok/good). Performance bar: #1976D2. Target: black 3px marker | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Label every qualitative range and target with text; color is supplementary. | Visible KPI/target table plus status summary. Keyboard: focus reveals the same detail as hover. | D3.js, Plotly, Custom SVG | Hover |
| 20 | 19 | Proportional / Percentage | waffle, percentage, proportion, progress, filled, grid, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Waffle Chart | Pictogram, Stacked Bar 100% | Showing what fraction of a whole is filled; percentage progress in a visually engaging and accessible format | More than 5 categories (use stacked bar); exact values matter over visual proportion; very tight space | 10×10 grid standard (100 cells); for > 5 categories switch to stacked 100% bar | 3–5 categories max. 2–3px gap between cells. Each category a distinct accessible color pair | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Label each category and percentage and add patterns or symbols; filled-cell color alone is insufficient. | Percentage table/list plus part-to-whole summary. Keyboard: focus reveals each cell value. | D3.js, React-Waffle, Custom CSS Grid | Hover |
| 21 | 20 | Hierarchical Proportional | sunburst, hierarchy, nested, proportion, radial, circle, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Sunburst Chart | Treemap, Icicle, Circle Packing | Exploring nested proportions where both hierarchy and relative size matter (e.g., org spend breakdown) | More than 3 hierarchy levels (outer rings become unreadable); precision matters over overview; mobile | <100 nodes: SVG; 100–500: Canvas; >500: filter to top N before rendering | Center to outer: darker to lighter hue. Each level 15–20% lighter. Contrasting border between sectors | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:high | Label hierarchy levels and segments and use boundaries/patterns as well as hue; the indented list is primary. Do not rely on color alone. | Collapsible indented list/table plus hierarchy summary and breadcrumbs. Keyboard: Enter/Space drills or expands; Back button returns; focus reveals hover detail. | D3.js (d3-hierarchy), Recharts, ApexCharts | Drilldown + Hover |
| 22 | 21 | Root Cause Analysis | root cause, decomposition, tree, hierarchy, drill-down, ai-split, attribution, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Decomposition Tree | Decision Tree, Flow Chart | Decomposing a metric into contributing factors; AI-assisted analysis or BI drill-down scenarios | No clear parent-child causal relationship; audience expects a summary rather than exploration | Up to 5 levels deep; limit visible nodes to 20 per level for readability; lazy-load deeper levels | Positive impact nodes: #2563EB. Negative impact nodes: #EF4444. Neutral connectors: #94A3B8 | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:low | Name each node and contribution and use shapes/connector styles in addition to color. Do not rely on color alone. | Expandable tree table plus root-cause summary. Keyboard: Enter/Space drills and expands; Back collapses; dedicated expand/collapse buttons expose the same operations. | Power BI (native), React-Flow, Custom D3.js | Drill + Expand |
| 23 | 22 | 3D Spatial Data | 3d, spatial, immersive, terrain, molecular, volumetric, point-cloud, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | 3D Scatter / Surface Plot | Volumetric Rendering, Point Cloud | Scientific/engineering context where Z-axis carries essential info not expressible in 2D | 2D projection conveys the same insight; mobile context; accessibility-required environments; standard business dashboards | WebGL required. Deck.gl: up to 1M points. Three.js: LOD required beyond 50,000 pts | Depth cues: lighting and shading. Z-axis: color gradient (cool → warm). Transparent overlapping: opacity 0.4 | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:high | Use labels, shapes, and depth-independent cues; color and 3D position cannot be the only carriers of meaning. | Mandatory 2D projection, data table, and spatial summary. Keyboard: rotate/pan buttons and +/- zoom controls replace pointer/VR manipulation; Reset returns the camera. | Three.js, Deck.gl, Plotly 3D | Rotate + Zoom + VR |
| 24 | 23 | Real-Time Streaming | streaming, real-time, ticker, live, velocity, pulse, monitoring, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Streaming Area Chart | Ticker Tape, Moving Gauge | Live monitoring dashboards; IoT/ops data updating at ≥1 Hz; user needs current value at a glance | Update frequency < 1/min (use periodic-refresh line chart); flashing content without reduced-motion support | Canvas/WebGL required. Buffer last 60–300s of data. Downsample older data on scroll | Current pulse: #00FF00 (dark theme) or #0080FF (light theme). History: fading opacity. Grid: dark background | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Show the current value and status text and use line styles or markers in addition to color. Do not rely on color alone. | Streaming data table plus current-value/trend summary. Keyboard: Pause/Resume button controls updates; focus reveals values; +/- buttons zoom; Reset restores range. | Smoothed D3.js, CanvasJS | Real-time + Pause + Zoom |
| 25 | 24 | Sentiment / Emotion | sentiment, emotion, nlp, opinion, feeling, text-analysis, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Word Cloud with Sentiment | Sentiment Arc, Radar Chart | NLP output visualization; exploratory analysis of text corpus sentiment; frequency-weighted keyword overview | Precise values matter (word size is inherently imprecise); screen-reader context; corpus < 50 items | 50–5000 terms optimal. Beyond 5000: apply top-N filtering before render. Avoid on mobile | Positive: #22C55E. Negative: #EF4444. Neutral: #94A3B8. Word size maps to frequency | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:high | Expose every term, count, and sentiment as text; size and color are supplementary only. | Sortable term table/list plus sentiment summary; word cloud is supplementary. Keyboard: focus reveals word details; labeled controls filter with Space/Enter. | D3-cloud, Highcharts, Nivo | Hover + Filter |
| 26 | 25 | Process Mining | process, mining, variants, path, bottleneck, log, event, accessible chart, keyboard accessible chart | Process Map / Graph | Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), Petri Net | Analyzing event logs to visualize actual process flows; identifying bottlenecks and deviations in ops/product funnels | No event log data available; audience expects a static flowchart (use diagram tool); node count > 100 without pre-filtering | <30 nodes: SVG; 30–100: Canvas; >100: apply variant filtering (top 80% of cases) before rendering | Happy path: #10B981 thick line. Deviations: #F59E0B thin line. Bottleneck nodes: #EF4444 fill | deprecated: use Accessibility Risk | risk:conditional | Label nodes and paths and use shapes/line styles in addition to color; bottlenecks require text annotations. Do not rely on color alone. | Path summary table plus bottleneck narrative. Keyboard: Move buttons replace drag; focus reveals node details; Enter activates a node; Back returns. | React-Flow, Cytoscape.js, Recharts | Drag + Node-Click |