NarratoAI/app/utils/video_processor_v2.py
linyqh 593b427061 fix(video_processor): cpu提取关键帧失败; 修复 KMeans 聚类失败问题
- 增加对空镜头帧的检查
- 添加异常捕获,当 KMeans 聚类失败时使用备选方案
- 备选方案:选择镜头中间的帧作为关键帧
-优化代码结构,提高鲁棒性
2024-11-26 16:38:57 +08:00

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import cv2
import numpy as np
from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
import os
import re
from typing import List, Tuple, Generator
from loguru import logger
import subprocess
from tqdm import tqdm
class VideoProcessor:
def __init__(self, video_path: str):
"""
初始化视频处理器
Args:
video_path: 视频文件路径
"""
if not os.path.exists(video_path):
raise FileNotFoundError(f"视频文件不存在: {video_path}")
self.video_path = video_path
self.cap = cv2.VideoCapture(video_path)
if not self.cap.isOpened():
raise RuntimeError(f"无法打开视频文件: {video_path}")
self.total_frames = int(self.cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT))
self.fps = int(self.cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FPS))
def __del__(self):
"""析构函数,确保视频资源被释放"""
if hasattr(self, 'cap'):
self.cap.release()
def preprocess_video(self) -> Generator[np.ndarray, None, None]:
"""
使用生成器方式读取视频帧
Yields:
np.ndarray: 视频帧
"""
self.cap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, 0) # 重置到视频开始
while self.cap.isOpened():
ret, frame = self.cap.read()
if not ret:
break
yield frame
def detect_shot_boundaries(self, frames: List[np.ndarray], threshold: int = 30) -> List[int]:
"""
使用帧差法检测镜头边界
Args:
frames: 视频帧列表
threshold: 差异阈值
Returns:
List[int]: 镜头边界帧的索引列表
"""
shot_boundaries = []
for i in range(1, len(frames)):
prev_frame = cv2.cvtColor(frames[i - 1], cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
curr_frame = cv2.cvtColor(frames[i], cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
diff = np.mean(np.abs(curr_frame.astype(int) - prev_frame.astype(int)))
if diff > threshold:
shot_boundaries.append(i)
return shot_boundaries
def extract_keyframes(self, frames: List[np.ndarray], shot_boundaries: List[int]) -> Tuple[
List[np.ndarray], List[int]]:
"""
从每个镜头中提取关键帧
Args:
frames: 视频帧列表
shot_boundaries: 镜头边界列表
Returns:
Tuple[List[np.ndarray], List[int]]: 关键帧列表和对应的帧索引
"""
keyframes = []
keyframe_indices = []
for i in tqdm(range(len(shot_boundaries)), desc="提取关键帧"):
start = shot_boundaries[i - 1] if i > 0 else 0
end = shot_boundaries[i]
shot_frames = frames[start:end]
if not shot_frames:
continue
# 将每一帧转换为灰度图并展平为一维数组
frame_features = np.array([cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY).flatten()
for frame in shot_frames])
try:
# 尝试使用 KMeans
kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=1, random_state=0).fit(frame_features)
center_idx = np.argmin(np.sum((frame_features - kmeans.cluster_centers_[0]) ** 2, axis=1))
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"KMeans 聚类失败,使用备选方案: {str(e)}")
# 备选方案:选择镜头中间的帧作为关键帧
center_idx = len(shot_frames) // 2
keyframes.append(shot_frames[center_idx])
keyframe_indices.append(start + center_idx)
return keyframes, keyframe_indices
def save_keyframes(self, keyframes: List[np.ndarray], keyframe_indices: List[int],
output_dir: str, desc: str = "保存关键帧") -> None:
"""
保存关键帧到指定目录文件名格式为keyframe_帧序号_时间戳.jpg
Args:
keyframes: 关键帧列表
keyframe_indices: 关键帧索引列表
output_dir: 输出目录
desc: 进度条描述
"""
if not os.path.exists(output_dir):
os.makedirs(output_dir)
for keyframe, frame_idx in tqdm(zip(keyframes, keyframe_indices),
total=len(keyframes),
desc=desc):
timestamp = frame_idx / self.fps
hours = int(timestamp // 3600)
minutes = int((timestamp % 3600) // 60)
seconds = int(timestamp % 60)
time_str = f"{hours:02d}{minutes:02d}{seconds:02d}"
output_path = os.path.join(output_dir,
f'keyframe_{frame_idx:06d}_{time_str}.jpg')
cv2.imwrite(output_path, keyframe)
def extract_frames_by_numbers(self, frame_numbers: List[int], output_folder: str) -> None:
"""
根据指定的帧号提取帧,如果多个帧在同一秒内,只保留一个
Args:
frame_numbers: 要提取的帧号列表
output_folder: 输出文件夹路径
"""
if not frame_numbers:
raise ValueError("未提供帧号列表")
if any(fn >= self.total_frames or fn < 0 for fn in frame_numbers):
raise ValueError("存在无效的帧号")
if not os.path.exists(output_folder):
os.makedirs(output_folder)
# 用于记录已处理的时间戳(秒)
processed_seconds = set()
for frame_number in tqdm(frame_numbers, desc="提取高清帧"):
# 计算时间戳(秒)
timestamp_seconds = int(frame_number / self.fps)
# 如果这一秒已经处理过,跳过
if timestamp_seconds in processed_seconds:
continue
self.cap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, frame_number)
ret, frame = self.cap.read()
if ret:
# 记录这一秒已经处理
processed_seconds.add(timestamp_seconds)
# 计算时间戳字符串
hours = int(timestamp_seconds // 3600)
minutes = int((timestamp_seconds % 3600) // 60)
seconds = int(timestamp_seconds % 60)
time_str = f"{hours:02d}{minutes:02d}{seconds:02d}"
output_path = os.path.join(output_folder,
f"keyframe_{frame_number:06d}_{time_str}.jpg")
cv2.imwrite(output_path, frame)
else:
logger.info(f"无法读取帧 {frame_number}")
logger.info(f"共提取了 {len(processed_seconds)} 个不同时间戳的帧")
@staticmethod
def extract_numbers_from_folder(folder_path: str) -> List[int]:
"""
从文件夹中提取帧号
Args:
folder_path: 关键帧文件夹路径
Returns:
List[int]: 排序后的帧号列表
"""
files = [f for f in os.listdir(folder_path) if f.endswith('.jpg')]
# 更新正则表达式以匹配新的文件名格式keyframe_000123_010534.jpg
pattern = re.compile(r'keyframe_(\d+)_\d+\.jpg$')
numbers = []
for f in files:
match = pattern.search(f)
if match:
numbers.append(int(match.group(1)))
return sorted(numbers)
def process_video(self, output_dir: str, skip_seconds: float = 0, threshold: int = 30) -> None:
"""
处理视频并提取关键帧
Args:
output_dir: 输出目录
skip_seconds: 跳过视频开头的秒数
"""
skip_frames = int(skip_seconds * self.fps)
logger.info("读取视频帧...")
frames = []
for frame in tqdm(self.preprocess_video(),
total=self.total_frames,
desc="读取视频"):
frames.append(frame)
frames = frames[skip_frames:]
if not frames:
raise ValueError(f"跳过 {skip_seconds} 秒后没有剩余帧可以处理")
logger.info("检测场景边界...")
shot_boundaries = self.detect_shot_boundaries(frames, threshold)
logger.info(f"检测到 {len(shot_boundaries)} 个场景边界")
keyframes, keyframe_indices = self.extract_keyframes(frames, shot_boundaries)
adjusted_indices = [idx + skip_frames for idx in keyframe_indices]
self.save_keyframes(keyframes, adjusted_indices, output_dir, desc="保存压缩关键帧")
def process_video_pipeline(self,
output_dir: str,
skip_seconds: float = 0,
threshold: int = 30,
compressed_width: int = 320,
keep_temp: bool = False) -> None:
"""
执行完整的视频处理流程:压缩、提取关键帧、导出高清帧
"""
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
temp_dir = os.path.join(output_dir, 'temp')
compressed_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, 'compressed')
mini_frames_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, 'mini_frames')
hd_frames_dir = output_dir
os.makedirs(temp_dir, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(compressed_dir, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(mini_frames_dir, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(hd_frames_dir, exist_ok=True)
mini_processor = None
compressed_video = None
try:
# 1. 压缩视频
video_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.video_path))[0]
compressed_video = os.path.join(compressed_dir, f"{video_name}_compressed.mp4")
logger.info("步骤1: 压缩视频...")
ffmpeg_cmd = [
'ffmpeg', '-i', self.video_path,
'-vf', f'scale={compressed_width}:-1',
'-y',
compressed_video
]
subprocess.run(ffmpeg_cmd, check=True)
# 2. 从压缩视频中提取关键帧
logger.info("\n步骤2: 从压缩视频提取关键帧...")
mini_processor = VideoProcessor(compressed_video)
mini_processor.process_video(mini_frames_dir, skip_seconds, threshold)
# 3. 从原始视频提取高清关键帧
logger.info("\n步骤3: 提取高清关键帧...")
frame_numbers = self.extract_numbers_from_folder(mini_frames_dir)
if not frame_numbers:
raise ValueError("未能从压缩视频中提取到有效的关键帧")
self.extract_frames_by_numbers(frame_numbers, hd_frames_dir)
logger.info(f"处理完成!高清关键帧保存在: {hd_frames_dir}")
except Exception as e:
import traceback
logger.error(f"视频处理失败: \n{traceback.format_exc()}")
raise
finally:
# 释放资源
if mini_processor:
mini_processor.cap.release()
del mini_processor
# 确保视频文件句柄被释放
if hasattr(self, 'cap'):
self.cap.release()
# 等待资源释放
import time
time.sleep(0.5)
if not keep_temp:
try:
# 先删除压缩视频文件
if compressed_video and os.path.exists(compressed_video):
try:
os.remove(compressed_video)
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"删除压缩视频失败: {e}")
# 再删除临时目录
import shutil
if os.path.exists(temp_dir):
max_retries = 3
for i in range(max_retries):
try:
shutil.rmtree(temp_dir)
break
except Exception as e:
if i == max_retries - 1:
logger.warning(f"清理临时文件失败: {e}")
else:
time.sleep(1) # 等待1秒后重试
continue
logger.info("临时文件已清理")
except Exception as e:
logger.warning(f"清理临时文件时出错: {e}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
import time
start_time = time.time()
processor = VideoProcessor("best.mp4")
processor.process_video_pipeline(output_dir="output4")
end_time = time.time()
print(f"处理完成!总耗时: {end_time - start_time:.2f}")